Missionary to North India
Birth: November 8, 1808
Home Calling: April 21, 1877
Birthplace: New Windsor, USA
Place of Vision: India
Robert Cotton Mather was a European missionary known for his work in North India and for revising the Urdu Bible translation. He completed his studies at Glasgow University and began ministering at a Congregational church in York. During this time, he received a call to serve in Banaras, India, through the London Missionary Society (LMS). Just a week after marrying Elizabeth Sewell, Mather set out for India in June 1833.
Mission Work in India
Mather first ministered at Union Chapel, Calcutta, for a few months before moving to Banaras in 1834. He worked there for four years and learned Hindustani and Urdu, which helped him communicate effectively with locals. In 1838, he established a new mission station at Mirzapur.
Although Mather struggled with India’s hot climate, he traveled extensively across Uttar Pradesh, preaching and serving many communities. He brought Mirza John and John Hussain, two Muslims, to Christ, who later became notable evangelists alongside him.
Literary Ministry
With the support of his wife Elizabeth, who also learned Hindustani and Urdu, Mather began a literary ministry. He published a vernacular newspaper that became an effective tool for spreading the Gospel. Inspired by its success, he undertook the revision of the Urdu Bible translation. To translate directly from the original Greek, he also studied Greek. By 1860, Mather had completed a major revision of both Urdu and Hindustani Bible translations. His Hindi commentary on the New Testament is still referenced today.
Social and Educational Contributions
Mather also established schools, churches, orphanages, and a printing press in Mirzapur. Mrs. Mather actively visited women in their homes, teaching and encouraging them in Christian faith. Even as his health weakened in the early 1870s, Mather remained in India to train younger missionaries before returning to England in 1873. He continued his literary work until his passing in 1877.
Afterward, Elizabeth Mather returned to Mirzapur in 1878 and continued serving the community until her death in 1879.